Pre-purchase Exams
When buying a horse, many buyers ask for an equine prepurchase exam. This serves to identify any pre-existing problems which may hinder a horse's future performance and reduce buyer risk. The inspection usually consists of four phases:
The first part of the exam involves thorough identification of the horse. This includes documentation of color, age and any distinguishing characteristics/scars/brands/tattoos the horse may have. Vital signs of the horse will also be assessed along with an examination of the horse's eyes, teeth and manure. A urine sample can ensure the absence of performance-altering medications.
The second phase of the exam begins with a general assessment of the horse's body and skin condition. It is customary to assign the horse a body condition score ranging from 1 to 9, with 1 being emaciated and 9 being obese. Scores of 4, 5, or 6 are within the acceptable range for performance, breeding and halter horses.
After a visual assessment of the horse has been made, the limbs are eamined and palpated. By watching the horse perform a variety of movements on different surfaces, we get a good idea of the horse's general soundness. Riding the horse may or may not be incorporated into the exam, according to the intended use of the horse. Asking the horse to move in straight lines and circles is also helpful in revealing any blemishes. A passive/active flexion test is commonly performed along with a thorough hoof examination. A basic neurological exam may also be part of this third examination phase.
The fourth and final phase of the exam is known as the diagnostic phase. Radiography and ultrasonography may be necessary to determine soundness with special emphasis placed on the examination of the navicular bone and distal phalanx. Higher radiographic grades of these areas are usually indicative of lameness and should be noted in a prepurchase exam.
The first part of the exam involves thorough identification of the horse. This includes documentation of color, age and any distinguishing characteristics/scars/brands/tattoos the horse may have. Vital signs of the horse will also be assessed along with an examination of the horse's eyes, teeth and manure. A urine sample can ensure the absence of performance-altering medications.
The second phase of the exam begins with a general assessment of the horse's body and skin condition. It is customary to assign the horse a body condition score ranging from 1 to 9, with 1 being emaciated and 9 being obese. Scores of 4, 5, or 6 are within the acceptable range for performance, breeding and halter horses.
After a visual assessment of the horse has been made, the limbs are eamined and palpated. By watching the horse perform a variety of movements on different surfaces, we get a good idea of the horse's general soundness. Riding the horse may or may not be incorporated into the exam, according to the intended use of the horse. Asking the horse to move in straight lines and circles is also helpful in revealing any blemishes. A passive/active flexion test is commonly performed along with a thorough hoof examination. A basic neurological exam may also be part of this third examination phase.
The fourth and final phase of the exam is known as the diagnostic phase. Radiography and ultrasonography may be necessary to determine soundness with special emphasis placed on the examination of the navicular bone and distal phalanx. Higher radiographic grades of these areas are usually indicative of lameness and should be noted in a prepurchase exam.